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Moderate alcohol ingestion is usually not a risk to health in normal individuals, but even moderate drinking is not risk-free. And if you drink at more than moderate levels, you could be risking serious problems.
So what is reasonable? The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism provides the following guideline:
Men |
no more than 2 drinks/day |
Women |
no more than 1 drink/day |
Over age 65 |
no more than 1 drink/day |
What Is a Drink?
| A Standard Drink |
One 12-ounce bottle of beer*
or wine cooler |
| One 5-ounce glass of wine |
1.5 ounces of 80-proof
distilled spirits |
| *Beer ranges considerably in its alcohol content, with malt liquor being higher in its alcohol content than most other brewed beverages. |
Moderate alcohol intake can be relaxing. It can stimulate appetite and bowel function in the elderly and improve mood, and it can benefit those at high risk for heart disease. However, there are risks to moderate drinking. There is a relationship between moderate drinking and breast cancer. Heavy drinking increases the risk of esophageal, stomach, liver and pancreatic disorders. Alcohol affects every system in the body.
Alcohol-induced liver disease is a major cause of illness and death. While it is often fatal, with abstinence, it may be reversed. Brain abnormalities, such as memory loss, disturbed sleeping patterns, and impaired judgement and perception, can be the result of long-term drinking. If you or someone you know has been drinking heavily, get help from your doctor. Serious health problems can be avoided, and established problems may be reversed.
Alcohol-induced Problems
Short-term Heavy Drinking |
impaired driving ability; often fatal |
| pregnancy: birth defects |
| interpersonal problems at home and work |
Long-term Heavy Drinking |
alcohol-related liver disease |
| high blood pressure and certain forms of heart disease |
| certain cancers such as mouth, throat, GI tract, colon, and increased risk of breast cancer |
| pancreatitis which can be fatal
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For a complete report, see "Alcohol: What You Don't Know Can Harm You" at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism at http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/harm-al.htm
If you or someone you know needs help or more information, contact:
Al-Anon Family Group Headquarters
1600 Corporate Landing Parkway
Virginia Beach, VA 23454-5617
Internet address: http://www.al-anon.alateen.org
U.S.: (888) 4AL-ANON, (800) 356-9996; Canada: (800) 714-7498
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) World Services
475 Riverside Drive, 11th Floor
New York, NY 10115
(212) 870-3400
Internet address: http://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org
National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (NCADD)
12 West 21st Street
New York, NY 10010
(800) NCA-CALL
Internet address: http://www.ncadd.org
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Scientific Communications Branch
6000 Executive Boulevard, Suite 409
Bethesda, MD 20892-7003
(301) 443-3860
Internet address: http://www.niaaa.nih.gov
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